EXPLORE DATABASE
LIVE DATA
TOTAL PATENTS ~50,000· LOST COMMERCIAL VALUE $293T· INVENTOR RECORDS 1.3M+· ANNOTATIONS · GOLDEN ERA WINDOW 1870–1940· BLACK SHARE OF US PATENTS 2.7%· AMERICA AT 250 YEARS· GENERATIONS IMPACTED 290,000+· NORTH / SOUTH PATENT GAP · PATENTS LOST TO RACIAL VIOLENCE 1,100+· US-BORN INVENTOR SHARE 87%· TOTAL PATENTS ~50,000· LOST COMMERCIAL VALUE $293T· INVENTOR RECORDS 1.3M+· ANNOTATIONS · GOLDEN ERA WINDOW 1870–1940· BLACK SHARE OF US PATENTS 2.7%· AMERICA AT 250 YEARS· GENERATIONS IMPACTED 290,000+· NORTH / SOUTH PATENT GAP · PATENTS LOST TO RACIAL VIOLENCE 1,100+· US-BORN INVENTOR SHARE 87%·
AMERICA AT 250 · 1776–2026 · FOUNDATIONAL BLACK AMERICANS

Who
Built
America

Two hundred and fifty years of American history built by Foundational Black Americans. The full record is still being written. What we have confirmed: 50,000 patents in the Golden Era alone — 1870 to 1940. $293 trillion in lost commercial value. And a 250-year dataset that is only beginning to be exposed.

50,000
Patents Confirmed
Golden Era 1870–1940 Only
Chapter One of 250 · Full dataset forthcoming
$293T
Lost Commercial Value
Calculated via LCV Engine
Layers 1–3: Royalty · Wealth · Derivative
2.7%
Share of All US Patents
Golden Era — One Chapter Only
More than most immigrant groups
250
Years of American History
Built with Black Genius
1776 → 2026 · Semiquincentennial
The Foundation

The genius was never missing.
50,000 patents. The railroads, the electrical grids,
the agricultural systems, the infrastructure of a nation —
uncredited undeniable. The record is open.

MADE WITH BLACK CULTURE · AMERICA AT 250 · DATA: ICPSR STUDY 109970

01 · GOLDEN ERA

The Golden Era of Black Invention

CHAPTER ONE · 1870–1940 · 70 YEARS · 50K+ PATENTS
LIVE DATABASE — BLK:INV TERMINAL · GOLDEN ERA CHAPTER · 1870–1940
Inventor Records
Patent Records
Research Annotations
North / South Gap
~64%
County-Linked Records
THE FOUNDATIONAL RECORD
50K
Black American Patents.
Chapter One. Seventy Years. Uncredited.

Between Reconstruction and World War II, Foundational Black Americans filed more patents than nearly every immigrant group in US history — except England and Germany. This is Chapter One of the MWBC dataset: 70 years, 50,000 confirmed patents, one era. The full 250-year record — from 1776 to 2026 — is the mission. $293 trillion in Lost Commercial Value documented so far. The full accounting is still being built.

Black Share of US Patents
2.7%
In a country that denied Black Americans access to education, capital, and legal protection — 2.7% of all US patents is extraordinary.
Peak Innovation Decade
1900s
The single highest decade in our confirmed dataset. Invention as resistance, documented in 9,400 confirmed records.
LIVE RESEARCH ANNOTATIONS — PATENT COMMENTARY
ADD ANNOTATION →
LOADING ANNOTATIONS…
INNOVATION SECTORS
Manufacturing
8,400+
Industrial machinery, production processes,
textile innovations. Backbone of American industry.
Transportation
7,200+
Rail improvements, lubrication systems, automotive parts.
Elijah McCoy set the standard.
Electrical Systems
6,800+
Circuits, transmitters, early telephony.
Lewis Latimer improved Edison's lightbulb.
Medicine & Health
5,100+
Surgical tools, blood preservation, medical devices.
Dr. Charles Drew saved millions.
Agriculture
4,900+
Crop science, soil chemistry, farm equipment.
Carver's 300+ innovations changed American farming.
Construction
4,400+
Building materials, structural systems, urban infrastructure.
The cities they built but couldn't live in.
Communication
3,800+
Telegraph improvements, printing systems, signal technology.
The information infrastructure of a nation.
Chemistry & Materials
3,400+
Industrial chemicals, preservatives, synthetic materials.
Foundations of American manufacturing.
02 · INVENTORS

The Builders

FOUNDATIONAL BLACK AMERICANS
TIER 1 · $B+
1872 · OHIO
Elijah McCoy
AUTOMATIC LUBRICATION SYSTEM

Invented the automatic lubricating cup that allowed machines to run continuously without stopping. The phrase "the real McCoy" originated from customers demanding his authentic invention over inferior imitations. 57 patents total.

$4.2B
Estimated Lost Commercial Value
TIER 1 · $B+
1882 · NEW YORK
Lewis Howard Latimer
CARBON FILAMENT LIGHTBULB

While Edison received the credit, Latimer invented the carbon filament process that made the lightbulb practical and long-lasting. He later joined Edison's team — drafting the electrical infrastructure of a nation from drawings.

$8.1B
Estimated Lost Commercial Value
TIER 1 · $B+
1923 · OHIO
Garrett Morgan
TRAFFIC SIGNAL · GAS MASK

Invented the traffic signal — sold to GE for $40,000, a fraction of its value — and the gas mask that saved lives in WWI and tunnel disasters. Suppressed his identity to sell his inventions in Jim Crow markets.

$6.7B
Estimated Lost Commercial Value
TIER 1 · $B+
1940 · NEW YORK
Dr. Charles Drew
BLOOD BANK SYSTEM

Pioneered the blood bank system that saved tens of thousands of lives in WWII and continues saving lives globally. The US military initially refused to use his system for Black soldiers — later reversed under public pressure.

$12.4B
Estimated Lost Commercial Value
TIER 1 · $B+
1883 · INDIANA
Jan Ernst Matzeliger
SHOE LASTING MACHINE

Revolutionized the shoe industry — his machine cut production costs 50% and enabled mass-produced footwear for the first time. United Shoe Machinery Company was built on his patent. Died at 37; his estate never received fair value.

$5.9B
Estimated Lost Commercial Value
TIER 2 · $M+
1884 · VIRGINIA
Granville T. Woods
SYNCHRONOUS MULTIPLEX RAILWAY TELEGRAPH

Known as the "Black Edison," Woods held 45+ patents in electrical systems, railway communication, and telephony. His railway telegraph allowed moving trains to communicate with stations — directly preventing fatal collisions at scale.

$2.3B
Estimated Lost Commercial Value
EXPLORE THE GOLDEN ERA DATASET IN THE TERMINAL
03 · TIMELINE

Decade by Decade

GOLDEN ERA · CHAPTER ONE OF THE 250-YEAR RECORD
1870s
RECONSTRUCTION ERA · FIRST WAVE
The Right to Patent
Following the 14th Amendment, Black Americans formally gained the right to hold patents for the first time. The first documented wave — inventors filing under threat of violence in the post-war South.
~3,200 PATENTS
1880s
INDUSTRIALIZATION WAVE
The Migration of Ideas
McCoy, Latimer, and the Woods brothers define this decade. Patenting rises 340% from the 1870s as Northern cities offer relative opportunity for Black inventors — constrained but real.
~5,800 PATENTS
1890s
PLESSY ERA · PEAK RESISTANCE
Inventing Under Jim Crow
Despite Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) codifying segregation, Black patenting continues to climb. Dr. Cook's research identifies 1,100+ "missing patents" — innovations suppressed by racial violence and property destruction.
~7,200 PATENTS
1900s
THE PEAK DECADE
The Golden Peak
The single highest decade of Black American patenting: 2.7% of all US patents. Carver, Morgan, Drew, and thousands of unrecorded names. The patents that built modern American infrastructure — never compensated.
~9,400 PATENTS · PEAK
1910s
GREAT MIGRATION · WAR ECONOMY
North or Nothing
The Great Migration accelerates. Black inventors move to Chicago, Detroit, Philadelphia. WWI creates military demand for Black innovation — the gas mask, communication devices, medical advances. The government profits; inventors do not.
~8,900 PATENTS
1920–1940
HARLEM RENAISSANCE · SUPPRESSION
The Great Suppression
The Depression, combined with the destruction of Black Wall Street (1921) and mounting racial violence, suppresses the final wave. The era closes not with exhaustion — but with the systematic theft of capital and IP.
~16,000 PATENTS · FINAL WAVE
MADE CX · LCV ENGINE · CULTURAL PROPERTY RATING SYSTEM · CHAPTER ONE

The Debt
That Was Never Paid

The MADE CX Lost Commercial Value Engine is a three-layer economic framework that quantifies the generational wealth stolen from Black American inventors. These figures represent Chapter One only — the 1870–1940 Golden Era. The full 250-year accounting, when complete, will dwarf these numbers.

$293T
GOLDEN ERA PHASE ONE · A CULTURAL PROPERTY MOVEMENT


CALCULATE PER-PATENT VALUE IN THE TERMINAL
LAYER 01 · ROYALTY INCOME
Lost Royalty Income
$48.2T
Industry revenue × attribution rate × standard royalty rate. The direct earnings Black inventors should have received but did not — calculated per sector using contemporary industry revenue benchmarks.
LAYER 02 · COMPOUNDED WEALTH
Compounded Wealth Loss
$162.7T
Three compound bands at 4%, 7%, and 10% — the returns a patent-holding family would have earned if capital had been invested from the filing date. Calculated across 3–5 generational spans.
LAYER 03 · DERIVATIVE PARTICIPATION
Derivative Industry Participation
$82.1T
Current industry value × reasonable participation rate. The share of today's multi-trillion-dollar industries that would exist as Black family wealth if foundational patents had been fairly compensated.

"Black Americans received approximately 2.7% of all US patents between 1870 and 1940. This is one chapter. Two hundred and fifty years of Black American invention, creation, and nation-building have never been fully documented — until now."

BROOKINGS INSTITUTION · 2020 · EXTENDED BY MWBC · 250-YEAR MISSION
MADE CX · CULTURAL EXPERIENCE FRAMEWORK

MADE with Black Culture

Four pillars of cultural property valuation. The MADE CX framework applies cultural, historical, and economic lenses to quantify what Foundational Black Americans built — and what was taken.

CPRS
Cultural Property Rating System
5 Dimensions
CIS · CRI · LIP · CUV · HLM
Per-patent scoring $500K–$12T.
Four tiers. Scientific rigor. Cultural justice.
▾ EXPAND
CIS CRI LIP CUV HLM
$500K
TIER 1 MIN
$12T
TIER 4 MAX
4
VALUE TIERS
CIS · Cultural Impact Score — quantifies the breadth of derivative use across industries.
CRI · Commercial Reach Index — measures market penetration of the original invention.
LIP · Legacy Interruption Penalty — documents systemic suppression events.
CUV · Cultural Usage Value — tracks non-commercial cultural adoption.
HLM · Historical Legacy Multiplier — compounds value across time.
VIEW IN TERMINAL
LCV
Lost Commercial Value Engine
$293T
3-layer wealth gap computation.
Royalty + compounded wealth + derivative.
290,000 generations calculated.
▾ EXPAND
$48.2T
LAYER 1 · ROYALTY
$162.7T
LAYER 2 · COMPOUND
$82.1T
LAYER 3 · DERIVATIVE
Layer 1 — Royalty Value: Direct licensing value of each patent had the inventor received standard industry royalties from date of filing.

Layer 2 — Compounded Wealth: Royalty income compounded at market returns (7% avg) across 290,000 generational steps from 1870 to 2026.

Layer 3 — Derivative Value: Secondary inventions, industries, and economies that emerged directly from the foundational patents. The most conservative layer.
CPRS RATED PER-PATENT 290K GEN.
EXPLORE LCV DATA
BLK:INV
Patent Terminal
50,000+
Bloomberg-style live data terminal.
Golden Era chapter: 1870–1940.
Full 250-year dataset: in development.
▾ EXPAND
INVENTORS
PATENTS
70
YEARS COVERED
Bloomberg Terminal UI — real-time Supabase data, 12 filter dimensions, full-text search across 50,000+ patent records.

Features: Live inventor search · Patent number lookup · State/county maps · CPRS scoring · LCV per-patent · Decade comparison · Comment annotations · Export CSV
LIVE DATA SUPABASE ICPSR LINKED OPEN ACCESS
LAUNCH TERMINAL
MWBC
Made With Black Culture
250 Years
250 years. The complete record of
Foundational Black American invention.
Chapter One is open. The rest is coming.
▾ EXPAND
1776
ARCHIVE START
2026
CURRENT YEAR
Ch.1
OPEN NOW
Chapter One — Golden Era 1870–1940: 50,000+ patents confirmed. The first chapter of a 250-year archive, now open.

Chapter Two — The Long Suppression 1940–1970: In development. Documenting the post-war period of systematic patent exclusion.

Full Archive 1776–2026: The complete record of Foundational Black American invention from the founding of the United States to today.
CH.1 OPEN CH.2 SOON 250yr COMING
LEARN ABOUT MWBC
BLK:INV · RESEARCH TERMINAL

The Database
That Changes Everything

The Golden Era chapter: 50,000 confirmed patents, live Supabase queries, per-patent economic valuation, geographic heatmaps. MWBC is building the full 250-year record. The terminal is Chapter One. The complete archive is the mission.

ENTER THE TERMINAL

WHAT'S INSIDE THE TERMINAL

  • 50,000+ patents confirmed · Golden Era 1870–1940 (Chapter One)
  • Live search across 1.3M inventor records
  • Geographic heatmap — all 50 states by decade
  • CPRS 5-dimension cultural property rating engine
  • LCV 3-layer lost commercial value calculator
  • Per-patent commenting and research annotation
  • Dark / light mode Bloomberg Terminal UI
  • Data: ICPSR 109970 · Brookings 2020 · USPTO
LAUNCH BLK:INV TERMINAL
US 473,079 · Elijah McCoy · Lubricating Cup · 1892 US 247,097 · Lewis Latimer · Carbon Filament · 1882 US 1,475,024 · Garrett Morgan · Traffic Signal · 1923 US 274,207 · Jan E. Matzeliger · Shoe Lasting Machine · 1883 US 315,368 · Granville T. Woods · Railway Telegraph · 1885 US 2,300,710 · Dr. Charles Drew · Blood Preservation · 1940 US 1,090,936 · Lyda Newman · Improved Hairbrush · 1898 US 1,613,679 · Frederick McKinley Jones · Refrigeration Unit · 1926 US 821,393 · Granville T. Woods · Steam Boiler Furnace · 1906 US 473,079 · Elijah McCoy · Lubricating Cup · 1892 US 247,097 · Lewis Latimer · Carbon Filament · 1882 US 1,475,024 · Garrett Morgan · Traffic Signal · 1923 US 274,207 · Jan E. Matzeliger · Shoe Lasting Machine · 1883 US 315,368 · Granville T. Woods · Railway Telegraph · 1885 US 2,300,710 · Dr. Charles Drew · Blood Preservation · 1940 US 1,090,936 · Lyda Newman · Improved Hairbrush · 1898 US 1,613,679 · Frederick McKinley Jones · Refrigeration Unit · 1926
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